<html xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" xmlns:w="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word" xmlns:m="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/2004/12/omml" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40"><head><meta http-equiv=Content-Type content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta name=Generator content="Microsoft Word 12 (filtered medium)"><!--[if !mso]><style>v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
.shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
</style><![endif]--><title>IER News Brief</title><style><!--
/* Font Definitions */
@font-face
        {font-family:"Cambria Math";
        panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4;}
@font-face
        {font-family:Calibri;
        panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4;}
/* Style Definitions */
p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal
        {margin-top:0cm;
        margin-right:0cm;
        margin-bottom:10.0pt;
        margin-left:0cm;
        line-height:115%;
        font-size:11.0pt;
        font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";}
a:link, span.MsoHyperlink
        {mso-style-priority:99;
        color:blue;
        text-decoration:underline;}
a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed
        {mso-style-priority:99;
        color:purple;
        text-decoration:underline;}
p.heading1, li.heading1, div.heading1
        {mso-style-name:heading1;
        mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
        margin-right:0cm;
        mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
        margin-left:0cm;
        font-size:42.0pt;
        font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
        color:white;
        font-weight:bold;}
p.heading2, li.heading2, div.heading2
        {mso-style-name:heading2;
        margin-top:0cm;
        margin-right:0cm;
        margin-bottom:4.8pt;
        margin-left:0cm;
        font-size:11.0pt;
        font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
        color:white;}
p.blue, li.blue, div.blue
        {mso-style-name:blue;
        mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
        margin-right:0cm;
        mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
        margin-left:0cm;
        font-size:12.0pt;
        font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
        color:#66667F;}
p.lightblue, li.lightblue, div.lightblue
        {mso-style-name:lightblue;
        mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
        margin-right:0cm;
        mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
        margin-left:0cm;
        background:#F2E3CE;
        font-size:12.0pt;
        font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
        color:#9595AB;}
p.auto-style2, li.auto-style2, div.auto-style2
        {mso-style-name:auto-style2;
        mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
        margin-right:0cm;
        mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
        margin-left:0cm;
        font-size:10.0pt;
        font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
        color:#66667F;
        font-weight:bold;}
p.auto-style3, li.auto-style3, div.auto-style3
        {mso-style-name:auto-style3;
        mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
        margin-right:0cm;
        mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
        margin-left:0cm;
        font-size:8.0pt;
        font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
        color:#A43F65;
        font-weight:bold;}
p.auto-style4, li.auto-style4, div.auto-style4
        {mso-style-name:auto-style4;
        mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
        margin-right:0cm;
        mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
        margin-left:0cm;
        font-size:10.0pt;
        font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
        color:white;
        font-weight:bold;}
p.auto-style5, li.auto-style5, div.auto-style5
        {mso-style-name:auto-style5;
        mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
        margin-right:0cm;
        mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
        margin-left:0cm;
        font-size:8.0pt;
        font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
        color:#5BAFAC;
        font-weight:bold;}
p.auto-style6, li.auto-style6, div.auto-style6
        {mso-style-name:auto-style6;
        mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
        margin-right:0cm;
        mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
        margin-left:0cm;
        font-size:8.0pt;
        font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
        color:#773B6A;
        font-weight:bold;}
p.auto-style7, li.auto-style7, div.auto-style7
        {mso-style-name:auto-style7;
        mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
        margin-right:0cm;
        mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
        margin-left:0cm;
        font-size:12.0pt;
        font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
        color:#66667F;
        font-weight:bold;}
p.auto-style8, li.auto-style8, div.auto-style8
        {mso-style-name:auto-style8;
        mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
        margin-right:0cm;
        mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
        margin-left:0cm;
        text-align:center;
        font-size:15.0pt;
        font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
        color:#66667F;
        font-weight:bold;}
p.auto-style11, li.auto-style11, div.auto-style11
        {mso-style-name:auto-style11;
        mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
        margin-right:0cm;
        mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
        margin-left:0cm;
        font-size:7.0pt;
        font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
        color:#6E3C8D;
        font-weight:bold;}
p.auto-style12, li.auto-style12, div.auto-style12
        {mso-style-name:auto-style12;
        mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
        margin-right:0cm;
        mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
        margin-left:0cm;
        font-size:12.0pt;
        font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
p.auto-style13, li.auto-style13, div.auto-style13
        {mso-style-name:auto-style13;
        mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
        margin-right:0cm;
        mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
        margin-left:0cm;
        text-align:center;
        font-size:12.0pt;
        font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
        color:#9595AB;}
p.auto-style14, li.auto-style14, div.auto-style14
        {mso-style-name:auto-style14;
        mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
        margin-right:0cm;
        mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
        margin-left:0cm;
        font-size:12.0pt;
        font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
p.auto-style15, li.auto-style15, div.auto-style15
        {mso-style-name:auto-style15;
        mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
        margin-right:0cm;
        mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
        margin-left:0cm;
        font-size:7.0pt;
        font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
        color:#66667F;
        font-weight:bold;}
p.auto-style16, li.auto-style16, div.auto-style16
        {mso-style-name:auto-style16;
        mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
        margin-right:0cm;
        mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
        margin-left:0cm;
        font-size:12.0pt;
        font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
span.auto-style131
        {mso-style-name:auto-style131;
        color:#9595AB;}
span.auto-style31
        {mso-style-name:auto-style31;
        color:#A43F65;
        font-weight:bold;}
span.auto-style51
        {mso-style-name:auto-style51;
        color:#5BAFAC;
        font-weight:bold;}
span.blue1
        {mso-style-name:blue1;
        color:#66667F;}
span.EmailStyle40
        {mso-style-type:personal-reply;
        font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
        color:#1F497D;}
.MsoChpDefault
        {mso-style-type:export-only;}
@page WordSection1
        {size:612.0pt 792.0pt;
        margin:72.0pt 72.0pt 72.0pt 72.0pt;}
div.WordSection1
        {page:WordSection1;}
--></style><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:shapedefaults v:ext="edit" spidmax="1026" />
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:shapelayout v:ext="edit">
<o:idmap v:ext="edit" data="1" />
</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-GB link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=600 style='width:360.0pt;background:#F2E3CE'><tr><td style='padding:9.0pt 9.0pt 9.0pt 9.0pt'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr><td width="56%" style='width:56.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F'>IER News Brief 13/02/17<o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width="40%" style='width:40.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal align=right style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:right;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><a href="http://ier.us12.list-manage1.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=8409a50f04&e=71131c031b"><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:#66667F'>Follow us on Twitter</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width="4%" style='width:4.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal align=right style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:right;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE;display:none'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr><td width="75%" style='width:75.0%;background:#66667F;padding:9.0pt 9.0pt 9.0pt 9.0pt'><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><a name="Top_of_page"></a><b><span style='font-size:42.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:white'>news brief<o:p></o:p></span></b></p></div><div style='margin-bottom:4.8pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:white'>Monday 13th February 2017<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></td><td width="25%" style='width:25.0%;background:#66667F;padding:9.0pt 9.0pt 9.0pt 9.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><img border=0 id="_x0000_i1025" src="https://gallery.mailchimp.com/f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3/images/42bef9e9-0080-4d3d-9334-2e260fdb3b8d.gif"><o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr><td style='padding:9.0pt 9.0pt 9.0pt 9.0pt'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=auto-style2 style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Further evidence has emerged this week that insecure work is on the rise and incomes are falling. New TUC research shows one in ten workers <a href="http://ier.us12.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=6f11cd0ca9&e=71131c031b">are now in precarious work</a> and The Bank of England has <a href="http://ier.us12.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=58991b2f6e&e=71131c031b">warned of a fall in pay settlements</a> that will see real wages squeezed even further.<br><br>As is demonstrated in our <a href="http://ier.us12.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=74fee2d490&e=71131c031b">Manifesto for Labour Law</a>, employers' increasing exploitation of insecure workers - such as agency staff, those misclassified as "self employed" and people on zero-hours contracts - is encouraged by the UK's complex system of employment statuses. While "employees" benefit from the full suite of employment rights, "workers" (such as those hired through agencies) are only eligible for a portion of them, and those (mis)classified as "self employed" do not have workers' rights at all. This provides incentives for emplofyers to use "workers" instead of "employees" to evade rights like unfair dismissal; and to misclassify their workers as self employed, such as in the case of Uber.<br><br>To remove the incentives for employers to exploit vulnerable workers, the IER is calling for a universal status of employment to be created, which ensures that anyone in employment is eligible for the full suite of employment rights from day one. Read more about this in our </span><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><a href="http://www.ier.org.uk/manifesto">Manifesto for Labour Law</a></span><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>.<br><br>It seems these issues were not at the top of the Tory agenda until news of exploitation at retailers like Sports Direct gained public notoriety, however. Last week, a <a href="http://ier.us12.list-manage1.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=2a59cd3420&e=71131c031b">review of employment statuses</a> was finally published after it was launched in 2014 specifically to investigate the risk of exploitation. It seems this was deprioritised. The review, which does not make any firm recommendations, had been chased up in parliament by Labour MPs but has only just been published in light of the Taylor Review.<br><br>Blacklisting, too, it seems is not a priority. Labour MPs called on parliament last week to launch a public inquiry into the blacklisting scandal that ruined the lives of construction workers across the UK, pointing out there are serious questions around police and intelligence services involvement that have never been answered. <a href="http://ier.us12.list-manage1.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=7eae935a03&e=71131c031b">Business Secretary Margot James refused</a>, claiming it is too late to investigate the issue.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=auto-style2><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Subscribers receive all of our publications free and discount rates on our conferences. <a href="http://ier.us12.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=d01e6f0ead&e=71131c031b"><span class=auto-style131>Subscribe now</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr style='height:30.6pt'><td colspan=3 style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:30.6pt'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr style='height:9.0pt'><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:9.0pt'></td></tr><tr style='height:9.0pt'><td style='background:#A43F65;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:9.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:9.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:white'> News and comment<o:p></o:p></span></b></p></td></tr><tr style='height:3.0pt'><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:3.0pt'></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr style='height:58.8pt'><td width="14%" valign=top style='width:14.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><img border=0 width=99 height=98 id="_x0000_i1026" src="https://gallery.mailchimp.com/f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3/images/b1c726de-bf3c-454c-9dd0-50d42672c9ff.png" alt="Workers' rights"><o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width="4%" style='width:4.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'></td><td width="82%" valign=top style='width:82.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span class=auto-style31><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>27% more people in insecure work since 2011, study shows</span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><br></span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'>The number of people in roles that provide no guaranteed hours of fundamental working rights has jumped by 27% in the last five years.</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><br><a href="http://ier.us12.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=733553a6f4&e=71131c031b"><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'>> click here to read full story</span></b></a><o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr><tr style='height:58.8pt'><td width="14%" valign=top style='width:14.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><img border=0 width=99 height=98 id="_x0000_i1027" src="https://gallery.mailchimp.com/f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3/images/c9de063b-cd73-4fc5-8d13-fb67b7e3e040.png" alt="Low Pay"><o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width="4%" style='width:4.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'></td><td width="82%" valign=top style='width:82.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span class=auto-style31><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Real wages face further squeeze: Bank of England</span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><br></span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'>Real wages, which have already fallen by 10.4% since 2007, are facing further squeezes, according to new projections from the Bank of England. </span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><br><a href="http://ier.us12.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=b709199ece&e=71131c031b"><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'>> click here to read full story</span></b></a><o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr><tr style='height:58.8pt'><td width="14%" valign=top style='width:14.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><img border=0 width=99 height=98 id="_x0000_i1028" src="https://gallery.mailchimp.com/f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3/images/b1c726de-bf3c-454c-9dd0-50d42672c9ff.png" alt="Workers' Rights"><o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width="4%" style='width:4.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'></td><td width="82%" valign=top style='width:82.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span class=auto-style31><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Govt review into employment status and workers' rights finally surfaces</span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><br></span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'>In October 2014, then Business Secretary Vince Cable launched a review into employment statuses, noting an increase in precarious work. The review he commissioned was completed in December 2015 but was only published last week.</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><br><a href="http://ier.us12.list-manage1.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=c7ef1ba5c0&e=71131c031b"><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'>> click here to read full story</span></b></a><o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr><tr style='height:58.8pt'><td width="14%" valign=top style='width:14.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><img border=0 width=99 height=98 id="_x0000_i1029" src="https://gallery.mailchimp.com/f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3/images/4af5273a-321f-46c2-b0ad-932606fe318b.png" alt=Blacklisting><o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width="4%" style='width:4.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'></td><td width="82%" valign=top style='width:82.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span class=auto-style31><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Govt refuses public inquiry into blacklisting</span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><br></span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'>Business Minister Margot James has refused to conduct a public inquiry into blacklisting after being called to do so by Labour MPs.</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><br><a href="http://ier.us12.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=1f52108f78&e=71131c031b"><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'>> click here to read full story</span></b></a><o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr><tr style='height:58.8pt'><td width="14%" valign=top style='width:14.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><img border=0 width=99 height=98 id="_x0000_i1030" src="https://gallery.mailchimp.com/f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3/images/3217d00c-d174-45e5-a9cf-a588a59f2af4.jpg" alt="Access to justice"><o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width="4%" style='width:4.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'></td><td width="82%" valign=top style='width:82.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span class=auto-style31><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>COMMENT: Trade unions can fix our employment tribunal disaster</span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><br></span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'>The IER's Ben Crawford critically reviews the government's whitewashed report on the impact of tribunal fees and outlines the IER's proposals to improve the enforcement of employment rights.</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><br><a href="http://ier.us12.list-manage1.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=27ec34d662&e=71131c031b"><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'>> click here to read full story</span></b></a><o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr style='height:9.0pt'><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:9.0pt'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr style='height:9.0pt'><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:9.0pt'></td></tr><tr style='height:9.0pt'><td style='background:#C1869B;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:9.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:9.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:white'> Free downloads of Access to Justice papers and presentations! <o:p></o:p></span></b></p></td></tr><tr><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr style='height:30.6pt'><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:30.6pt'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr style='height:9.0pt'><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:9.0pt'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr style='height:9.0pt'><td colspan=3 style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:9.0pt'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr><td width="60%" style='width:60.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><img border=0 width=200 id="_x0000_i1031" src="https://gallery.mailchimp.com/f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3/images/67980a6f-aad0-4289-ac49-271c6a576c68.jpg"><o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width="40%" style='width:40.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=auto-style2><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Now on our website: Free downloads of papers and presentations from last week's Access to Justice conference in London, including a thorough write-up of the event by our blogger Roger Jeary<br><br><a href="http://ier.us12.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=520d13776d&e=71131c031b">Click here for more</a><o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr style='height:9.0pt'><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:9.0pt'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr><td colspan=3 style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'></td></tr><tr style='height:9.0pt'><td style='background:#5BAFAC;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:9.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:9.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:white'>  Publications<o:p></o:p></span></b></p></td></tr><tr style='height:3.0pt'><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:3.0pt'></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr style='height:58.8pt'><td width="14%" valign=top style='width:14.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><img border=0 width=99 height=142 id="_x0000_i1032" src="https://gallery.mailchimp.com/f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3/images/815fda47-e4b4-4148-a3e2-81af67efe0a4.jpg" alt=LLH2016><o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width="4%" style='width:4.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'></td><td width="82%" valign=top style='width:82.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span class=auto-style51><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Labour Law Highlights 2016: £8</span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><br></span><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'>Edited by Rebecca Tuck</span></b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><br></span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'>This year’s Labour Law Highlights is produced against the backdrop of a Brexit vote in the UK and a Trump victory in the USA. It promises to be a bumpy ride ahead!</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><br><a href="http://ier.us12.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=e8cc84c2ea&e=71131c031b"><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'>> click here to read more and purchase</span></b></a><o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr><tr style='height:58.8pt'><td width="14%" valign=top style='width:14.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><img border=0 width=99 height=142 id="_x0000_i1033" src="https://gallery.mailchimp.com/f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3/images/afdba51d-b908-42ab-8241-ddca46df52ce.jpg" alt="Health and Safety Time for Change"><o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width="4%" style='width:4.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'></td><td width="82%" valign=top style='width:82.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span class=auto-style51><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Health and Safety at Work Act: Time for Change: £10</span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><br></span><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'>By Phil James and David Walters</span></b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><br></span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'>The world of work is changing. Fast. But the framework of law tasked with protecting the health, safety and well being of workers is now 50 years old and – according to the authors of this report – no longer fit for purpose. The authors put forth proposals for reform</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><br><a href="http://ier.us12.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=d407a869dc&e=71131c031b"><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'>> click here to read more and purchase</span></b></a><o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr><tr style='height:58.8pt'><td width="14%" valign=top style='width:14.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><img border=0 width=99 height=142 id="_x0000_i1034" src="https://gallery.mailchimp.com/f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3/images/fb25d1db-2c1e-4d50-8d47-17dc166f146f.jpeg" alt="EU Developments"><o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width="4%" style='width:4.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'></td><td width="82%" valign=top style='width:82.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span class=auto-style51><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Access to Justice: Exposing the myths: £6</span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><br></span><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'>By Andrew Moretta</span></b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><br></span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'>In the second of IER’s series of Mythbusters, Andrew Moretta considers the many myths surrounding access to justice, including the narrative surrounding the “red tape” and “burdens on business” ideology, which he believes paved the way for systematic attacks on the tribunal system.</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><br><a href="http://ier.us12.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=3467023b68&e=71131c031b"><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'>> click here to read more and purchase</span></b></a><o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr><tr><td width="14%" valign=top style='width:14.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><img border=0 width=99 height=142 id="_x0000_i1035" src="https://gallery.mailchimp.com/f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3/images/3a996d1c-1459-4dfb-81b8-8901488dad8a.jpg" alt="Kill the Bill"><o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width="4%" style='width:4.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'></td><td width="82%" valign=top style='width:82.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span class=auto-style51><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Protect the right to strike: kill the bill: £5</span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><br></span><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'>By John Hendy QC & Professor Keith Ewing</span></b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'><br>Two leading experts on trade union rights – Professor Keith Ewing and John Hendy QC – publish a short but comprehensive overview of the Trade Union Bill and its implications.</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><br><a href="http://ier.us12.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=9810e53f73&e=71131c031b"><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'>> click here to read more and purchase</span></b></a> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr><tr><td width="14%" valign=top style='width:14.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><img border=0 width=99 height=142 id="_x0000_i1036" src="https://gallery.mailchimp.com/f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3/images/cee8b19e-c2dc-452d-a284-b14209fbf568.jpg" alt="Ballot Thresholds"><o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width="4%" style='width:4.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'></td><td width="82%" valign=top style='width:82.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span class=auto-style51><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>The Conservative Government’s proposed strike ballot thresholds: The challenge to trade unions: from £6</span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><br></span><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'>By Professor Ralph Darlington and Dr John Dobson</span></b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'><br>According to the authors of this timely report, the government is attempting to rush into law ‘the most sweeping and radical tightening of rules on industrial action since the Thatcher era of the 1980’s’. They warn that such proposals could result in ‘the biggest showdown over industrial relations for a generation’ and go on to drill down into one aspect of the government’s proposals – strike ballots.</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><br><a href="http://ier.us12.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=5207816572&e=71131c031b"><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'>> click here to read more and purchase</span></b></a> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr><tr><td width="14%" valign=top style='width:14.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><img border=0 width=99 height=141 id="_x0000_i1037" src="https://gallery.mailchimp.com/f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3/images/6ac2ddd4-6bd6-4c3f-81ad-06fdb882171c.jpg" alt="Keithe Ewing"><o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width="4%" style='width:4.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'></td><td width="82%" valign=top style='width:82.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span class=auto-style51><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>The mythology of business: from £6</span></span><b><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#5BAFAC'><br></span></b><span class=auto-style51><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'>By David Whyte</span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><br></span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'>The ‘myths’ that this publication takes into consideration are the kind of things that politicians now routinely say without thinking. Yet these 10 myths have very little foundation in reality and are rarely, if ever, accompanied with any concrete evidence to support them.</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><br><a href="http://ier.us12.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=447547ff8c&e=71131c031b"><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'>> click here to read more and purchase</span></b></a> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr style='height:30.6pt'><td colspan=3 style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:30.6pt'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr style='height:9.0pt'><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:9.0pt'><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'></td></tr></table></div></td></tr><tr style='height:9.0pt'><td style='background:#773B6A;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:9.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:9.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:white'>  Events<o:p></o:p></span></b></p></td></tr><tr style='height:3.0pt'><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:3.0pt'></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr style='height:58.8pt'><td width="14%" valign=top style='width:14.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><img border=0 width=99 height=117 id="_x0000_i1038" src="https://gallery.mailchimp.com/f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3/images/21731663-49d4-420d-8026-e8d4e9dce1e4.jpg" alt="Migration after Brexit: the challenge for labour standards 2017: London"><o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width="4%" style='width:4.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'></td><td width="82%" valign=top style='width:82.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span class=auto-style31><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Migration after Brexit: the challenge for labour standards 2017: London</span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><br></span><strong><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'>15 March 2017 - 09:30 - 15:15</span></strong><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'><br><strong><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Unite the Union, London</span></strong></span></b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'><br>This conference will cover migration policy after Brexit, both from the EU and from elsewhere in the world, and the implications of future labour migration patterns for labour standards. The speakers will bring extensive expertise to the subject, as academics, campaigners and trade unionists.<br><strong><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Speakers include Bernard Ryan, Don Flynn, Susan Cueva, Diana Holland, Alex Balch, Alan Bogg, Owen Espley and Sonia McKay</span></strong></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><br><a href="http://ier.us12.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=2077f6b043&e=71131c031b"><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'>> click here to read more and book your place</span></b></a><o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'></td><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr style='height:9.0pt'><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:9.0pt'></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE;display:none'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr><td width="64%" valign=top style='width:64.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt;line-height:normal'><span class=blue1><b><span style='font-size:6.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>To unsubscribe, please contact <a href="mailto:sarah@ier.org.uk?subject=Unsubscribe">sarah@ier.org.uk</a>. </span></b></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><o:p></o:p></span></p><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr style='height:9.0pt'><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:9.0pt'></td></tr></table></td><td valign=top style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><div align=right><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="88%" style='width:88.0%'><tr><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:5.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#333333'>Produced by:<br>Institute of Employment Rights,<br>4th Floor, Jack Jones House<br>1 Islington<br>Liverpool L3 8EG<br>0151 207 5265<br><a href="http://ier.us12.list-manage2.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=4ca8934ef0&e=71131c031b" target="_blank"><span style='color:#307EC2;text-decoration:none'>www.ier.org.uk</span></a></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE;display:none'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr style='height:12.0pt'><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:12.0pt'></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><img border=0 width=1 height=1 id="_x0000_i1041" src="http://ier.us12.list-manage.com/track/open.php?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=7601923838&e=71131c031b"><o:p></o:p></span></p></div></body></html>