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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-GB link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><div><h1 align=center style='mso-margin-top-alt:3.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0cm;text-align:center'><span style='font-size:30.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F'>News Brief </span><span style='font-size:30.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>8</span><span style='font-size:30.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F'> October</span><span style='font-size:30.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'> </span><a href="http://www.ier.org.uk/node/2179"><span style='font-size:30.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;text-decoration:none'><img border=0 width=214 height=171 id="_x0000_i1025" src="cid:image003.png@01CFE2F1.BCD19040" alt="http://www.ier.org.uk/sites/ier.org.uk/files/images/ierlogo-newssection.img_assist_custom.gif"></span></a><span style='font-size:30.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F'><o:p></o:p></span></h1><div style='border:none;border-bottom:solid #F2E3CE 1.0pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;margin-bottom:24.0pt'><div><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 style='margin-left:447.35pt;border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td style='padding:7.5pt 7.5pt 7.5pt 7.5pt'><div style='margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:6.0pt;float:left'><p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><o:p> </o:p></p></div><p align=center style='text-align:center;line-height:14.4pt'><b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#413839'><a href="http://www.ier.org.uk/node/2179"><span style='color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'>View in your browser</span></a></span></b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#413839'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p align=center style='text-align:center;line-height:14.4pt'><b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#413839'>By Claudia O’Brien</span></b><span style='font-size:14.5pt;color:#413839'><o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black;display:none'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 style='border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td width="40%" valign=top style='width:40.0%;padding:7.5pt 7.5pt 7.5pt 7.5pt'><p style='mso-line-height-alt:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:14.5pt;color:#413839'> <o:p></o:p></span></p><h2 style='mso-margin-top-alt:3.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0cm'><i><span style='font-size:20.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F'>In the news this week</span></i><span style='font-size:20.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F'><o:p></o:p></span></h2><p style='mso-line-height-alt:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'>Predicable announcements from Tory conference included <a href="http://www.ier.org.uk/news/tory-conference-tax-cuts-and-%C2%A33bn-benefit-freezes"><span style='color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'>benefits freezes and tax cuts to benefit the rich</span></a>. Cameron’s declaration to scrap the Human Rights Act has been widely condemned, with the party’s own former Attorney General Dominic Grieve calling the proposals “puerile” and full of factual errors.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-line-height-alt:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'>The subject of Human Rights and Trade Unions will be covered in the IER’s <b>Employment Law Update conference</b> in Liverpool coming up soon (Oct 22).<o:p></o:p></span></p><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td width="53%" valign=top style='width:53.12%;padding:7.5pt 7.5pt 7.5pt 7.5pt'><h2 style='mso-margin-top-alt:3.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0cm'><span style='font-size:17.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F'>New Publication<o:p></o:p></span></h2><div style='margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:6.0pt;float:left'><h2 align=center style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t75" coordsize="21600,21600" o:spt="75" o:preferrelative="t" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" filled="f" stroked="f">
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</span><span style='font-size:17.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F'><o:p></o:p></span></h2></div><h3 style='mso-margin-top-alt:3.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F'><a href="http://www.ier.org.uk/publications/trade-unions-and-economic-inequality"><span style='color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'>Trade Unions and Economic Inequality</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></h3><p style='mso-line-height-alt:14.4pt'><b><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'>By Dr Lydia Hayes and Professor Tonia Novitz</span></b><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-line-height-alt:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'>What is the point of trade unions? What do they deliver? </span><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><br></span><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'>Are trade unions relevant in 21st century modern society? </span><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><br></span><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'>These and many other questions are answered by the authors of this timely </span><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><br></span><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'>and well presented report. Order your copy<a href="http://www.ier.org.uk/publications/trade-unions-and-economic-inequality"><span style='color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'> here</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-line-height-alt:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:14.5pt;color:#413839'> <o:p></o:p></span></p><h2 style='mso-margin-top-alt:3.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0cm'><span style='font-size:17.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F'>Whose recovery is it?<o:p></o:p></span></h2><div style='margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:6.0pt;float:left'><p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_s1028" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="" style='position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:0;margin-top:0;width:102pt;height:102pt;z-index:251654144;mso-position-horizontal:left;mso-position-vertical:top;mso-position-vertical-relative:line' o:allowoverlap="f">
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</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img width=136 height=136 src="http://www.ier.org.uk/sites/ier.org.uk/files/images/Screen%20Shot%202014-10-03%20at%2014.21.05_0.thumbnail.png" align=left hspace=12 v:shapes="_x0000_s1028"><![endif]><o:p></o:p></p></div><p style='mso-line-height-alt:14.4pt'><b><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'>By Rae Delanie Passfield</span></b><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-line-height-alt:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'>Income inequality in the UK is one of the worst in the developed </span><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><br></span><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'>world. With the five richest families holding more wealth than</span><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><br></span><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'>the bottom 20 per cent of the entire population, it is unsurprising</span><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><br></span><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'>people are so frustrated with the system. The IER and Class have published a report </span><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><br></span><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'>that discusses this disparity and how trade unions can offer vital empowerment for </span><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><br></span><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'>those battling against it. It highlights how inadequate work, low pay and the rising </span><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><br></span><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'>cost of living is trapping working people into poverty and compromising any chance </span><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><br></span><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'>of a balanced economic revival.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-line-height-alt:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'><a href="http://www.ier.org.uk/blog/whose-recovery-it"><span style='color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'>Read more…</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p><h2 style='mso-margin-top-alt:3.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0cm'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></h2><h2 style='mso-margin-top-alt:3.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0cm'><span style='font-size:17.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F'>Publications<o:p></o:p></span></h2><div style='margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:6.0pt;float:left'><p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_s1032" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="" href="http://www.ier.org.uk/publications/re-regulating-zero-hours-contracts" style='position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:0;margin-top:0;width:75pt;height:102pt;z-index:251658240;mso-position-horizontal:left;mso-position-vertical:top;mso-position-vertical-relative:line' o:allowoverlap="f" o:button="t">
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</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><a href="http://www.ier.org.uk/publications/re-regulating-zero-hours-contracts"><img border=0 width=100 height=136 src="http://www.ier.org.uk/sites/ier.org.uk/files/images/re-regulating%20zero%20hours%20coontracts%20cover_0.img_assist_custom.png" align=left hspace=12 v:shapes="_x0000_s1032"></a><![endif]><o:p></o:p></p></div><h3 style='mso-margin-top-alt:3.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#66667F'><a href="http://www.ier.org.uk/publications/re-regulating-zero-hours-contracts"><span style='color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'>Re-regulating Zero Hours Contracts</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></h3><p style='mso-line-height-alt:14.4pt'><b><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'>By Zoe Adams and Simon Deakin</span></b><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-line-height-alt:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'>ZHCs are highly profitable for employers, but lead to insecurity of </span><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><br></span><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'>income and low pay for workers. The authors point to rigidities in employment law and the operation of the tax-benefit system as being responsible </span><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><br></span><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'>for the rise in zero hours contracting. Order your copy<a href="http://www.ier.org.uk/publications/re-regulating-zero-hours-contracts"><span style='color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'> here</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-line-height-alt:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:14.5pt;color:#413839'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div style='margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:6.0pt;float:left'><p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_s1033" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="" href="http://www.ier.org.uk/publications/tupe-2014" style='position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:0;margin-top:0;width:75pt;height:102pt;z-index:251659264;mso-position-horizontal:left;mso-position-vertical:top;mso-position-vertical-relative:line' o:allowoverlap="f" o:button="t">
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</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><a href="http://www.ier.org.uk/publications/tupe-2014"><img border=0 width=100 height=136 src="http://www.ier.org.uk/sites/ier.org.uk/files/images/TUPE%202014%20cover_0.img_assist_custom.jpg" align=left hspace=12 v:shapes="_x0000_s1033"></a><![endif]><o:p></o:p></p></div><h3 style='mso-margin-top-alt:3.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#66667F'><a href="http://www.ier.org.uk/publications/tupe-2014"><span style='color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'>TUPE 2014</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></h3><p style='mso-line-height-alt:14.4pt'><b><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'>By Richard Arthur</span></b><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-line-height-alt:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'>A collection of papers by the UK’s leading experts on labour </span><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><br></span><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'>migration on</span><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'> </span><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'>the exploitation of migrant workers and the need for</span><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><br></span><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'>labour law reform.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='margin-bottom:12.0pt;line-height:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><h2 style='mso-margin-top-alt:3.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0cm'><span style='font-size:17.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F'>Forthcoming Events<o:p></o:p></span></h2><p class=MsoNormal><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_207" o:spid="_x0000_s1035" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="http://www.ier.org.uk/sites/ier.org.uk/files/images/ELU%20Lpool%2022-10-14_1.img_assist_custom.jpg" href="http://www.ier.org.uk/events/employment-law-update-2014-liverpool-0" style='position:absolute;margin-left:225pt;margin-top:0;width:75pt;height:90.75pt;z-index:251661312;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square;mso-wrap-distance-left:9pt;mso-wrap-distance-top:0;mso-wrap-distance-right:9pt;mso-wrap-distance-bottom:0;mso-position-horizontal:absolute;mso-position-horizontal-relative:text;mso-position-vertical:absolute;mso-position-vertical-relative:text' o:button="t">
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</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><a href="http://www.ier.org.uk/events/employment-law-update-2014-liverpool-0"><img border=0 width=100 height=121 src="cid:image002.jpg@01CFE314.CF7C13A0" align=left hspace=12 alt="http://www.ier.org.uk/sites/ier.org.uk/files/images/ELU%20Lpool%2022-10-14_1.img_assist_custom.jpg" v:shapes="Picture_x0020_207"></a><![endif]><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F'>Employment Law Update 2014, Adelphi Hotel, Liverpool<br><br></span><b><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'>Wednesday 22 October 2014</span></b><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'><br>This 7th annual IER conference in the North West is designed to <br>ensure trade union representatives are kept up to date and <br>well-informed about developments in employment law. It is a must go to event for <br>anyone with an interest in employment law and the protection of collective and <br>individual workers’ rights.</span><o:p></o:p></p><p style='mso-line-height-alt:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:14.5pt;color:#413839'> <o:p></o:p></span></p><h3 style='mso-margin-top-alt:3.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_208" o:spid="_x0000_s1036" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="http://www.ier.org.uk/sites/ier.org.uk/files/images/Eq%20&%20Disc%20Lond%2019-11-14.img_assist_custom.jpg" href="http://www.ier.org.uk/events/equality-and-discrimination-what-next-equal-rights-1" style='position:absolute;margin-left:1.5pt;margin-top:0;width:82.5pt;height:100.5pt;z-index:251662336;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square;mso-wrap-distance-left:9pt;mso-wrap-distance-top:0;mso-wrap-distance-right:9pt;mso-wrap-distance-bottom:0;mso-position-horizontal:absolute;mso-position-horizontal-relative:text;mso-position-vertical:absolute;mso-position-vertical-relative:text' o:button="t">
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</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><a href="http://www.ier.org.uk/events/equality-and-discrimination-what-next-equal-rights-1"><img border=0 width=110 height=134 src="cid:image005.jpg@01CFE314.CF7C13A0" align=left hspace=12 alt="http://www.ier.org.uk/sites/ier.org.uk/files/images/Eq%20&%20Disc%20Lond%2019-11-14.img_assist_custom.jpg" v:shapes="Picture_x0020_208"></a><![endif]><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F;font-weight:normal'>Equality and Discrimination: What Next For Equal <br>Rights? Unite the Union, London<o:p></o:p></span></h3><p style='mso-line-height-alt:14.4pt'><b><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'>Wednesday 19 November 2014</span></b><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'><br>Four years after the introduction of the Equality Act and where <br>are we now? Leading equality experts from the law, trade unions <br>and academia will come together to critically assess the latest case <br>law, precedents and evidence and anticipate where they will lead us in terms of <br>ensuring fairness at work for all.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-line-height-alt:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"MS Mincho";color:#413839'>
</span><span style='font-size:14.5pt;color:#413839'><o:p></o:p></span></p><h3 style='mso-margin-top-alt:3.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_209" o:spid="_x0000_s1037" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="http://www.ier.org.uk/sites/ier.org.uk/files/images/TUPE%20Lpool%203-12-14.img_assist_custom.jpg" href="http://www.ier.org.uk/events/tupe-update-new-regulations-liverpool" style='position:absolute;margin-left:1.5pt;margin-top:0;width:82.5pt;height:100.5pt;z-index:251663360;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square;mso-wrap-distance-left:9pt;mso-wrap-distance-top:0;mso-wrap-distance-right:9pt;mso-wrap-distance-bottom:0;mso-position-horizontal:absolute;mso-position-horizontal-relative:text;mso-position-vertical:absolute;mso-position-vertical-relative:text' o:button="t">
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</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><a href="http://www.ier.org.uk/events/tupe-update-new-regulations-liverpool"><img border=0 width=110 height=134 src="cid:image008.jpg@01CFE314.CF7C13A0" align=left hspace=12 alt="http://www.ier.org.uk/sites/ier.org.uk/files/images/TUPE%20Lpool%203-12-14.img_assist_custom.jpg" v:shapes="Picture_x0020_209"></a><![endif]><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F;font-weight:normal'>TUPE Update: the new Regulations, Adelphi Hotel, <br>Liverpool<o:p></o:p></span></h3><p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><o:p> </o:p></p><p style='mso-line-height-alt:14.4pt'><b><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'>Wednesday 3rd December 2014</span></b><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'><br>The government published new TUPE Regulations in November <br>2013, revealing service provision rules will not be repealed, but <br>several changes will be made that could hinder trade union activity. There are many uncertainties about the new regulations and the conference will aim to provide <br>answers to many questions plus any additional questions from delegates on the day.<o:p></o:p></span></p><h2 style='mso-margin-top-alt:3.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0cm'><span style='font-size:17.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F'><o:p> </o:p></span></h2><h2 align=center style='mso-margin-top-alt:3.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0cm;text-align:center'><span style='font-size:17.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F'>IER Manifesto for Collective Bargaining<o:p></o:p></span></h2><p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><a href="http://www.ier.org.uk/resources/reconstruction-after-crisis-manifesto-collective-bargaining"><span style='color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'><img border=0 width=150 height=150 id="_x0000_i1026" src="cid:image023.jpg@01CFE2F1.BCD19040" alt="http://www.ier.org.uk/sites/ier.org.uk/files/images/Collective%20Bargaining%20infographic.thumbnail.jpg"></span></a><o:p></o:p></p><h3 align=center style='mso-margin-top-alt:3.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F'><a href="http://www.ier.org.uk/resources/ten-point-collective-bargaining-manifesto"><span style='color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'>Read the ten-point manifesto</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></h3><h3 align=center style='mso-margin-top-alt:3.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F'><a href="http://www.ier.org.uk/publications/reconstruction-after-crisis-manifesto-collective-bargaining"><span style='color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'>Buy the book</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></h3><h3 align=center style='mso-margin-top-alt:3.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F'><a href="http://www.ier.org.uk/resources/watch-experts"><span style='color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'>VIDEOS: Watch the experts</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></h3><h3 align=center style='mso-margin-top-alt:3.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F'><a href="http://www.ier.org.uk/resources/listen-experts"><span style='color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'>PODCASTS: Listen to the experts</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></h3><p style='line-height:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p style='mso-line-height-alt:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:14.5pt;color:#413839'> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:gray'>Copyright © IER, 2013, All rights reserved.</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:gray'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:gray'>Our mailing address is:</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:gray'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:gray'>Institute of Employment Rights</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:gray'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:gray'>4th Floor</span></b><span 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If you are unable to see the footer or have problems unsubscribing, please click here or email </span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:gray'><a href="mailto:unsubscribe@ier.org.uk"><b><span style='color:#0433FF'>unsubscribe@ier.org.uk</span></b></a><b>.</b><o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width="46%" valign=top style='width:46.88%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><h2 style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0cm'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t202" coordsize="21600,21600" o:spt="202" path="m,l,21600r21600,l21600,xe">
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</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><span style='mso-ignore:vglayout;position:absolute;z-index:251653120;margin-left:378px;margin-top:44px;width:293px;height:321px'><table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr><td width=293 height=321 bgcolor=white style='border:.75pt solid black;vertical-align:top;background:white'><![endif]><![if !mso]><span style='position:absolute;mso-ignore:vglayout;z-index:251653120'><table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%"><tr><td><![endif]><div v:shape="_x0000_s1027" style='padding:4.35pt 7.95pt 4.35pt 7.95pt' class=shape><h3 style='mso-margin-top-alt:3.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F'>Economy:<o:p></o:p></span></h3><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:24.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt;line-height:14.4pt;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo2'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol;color:#413839'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></span><![endif]><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'>Osbourne pledges benefit freezes (26/9/2014)</span><span style='font-family:"MS Mincho";color:#413839'>
</span><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'><o:p></o:p></span></p><h3 style='mso-margin-top-alt:3.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F'>Public Sector:<o:p></o:p></span></h3><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:24.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt;line-height:14.4pt;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo4'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol;color:#413839'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></span><![endif]><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'>Legal aid reforms process was illegal (3/10/2014)<o:p></o:p></span></p><h3 style='mso-margin-top-alt:3.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F'>Other:<o:p></o:p></span></h3><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:24.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt;line-height:14.4pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo6'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol;color:#413839'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></span><![endif]><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'>MPs vote for ISIS airstrikes (29/9/2014)<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><![if !mso]></td></tr></table></span><![endif]><![if !mso & !vml]> <![endif]><![if !vml]></td></tr></table></span><![endif]><span style='font-size:17.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F'>New on the Coalition Timeline<o:p></o:p></span></h2><p class=MsoNormal><a href="http://www.ier.org.uk/resources/coalition-timeline"><span style='color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'><img border=0 width=354 height=193 id="_x0000_i1027" src="cid:image024.png@01CFE2F1.BCD19040" alt="http://www.ier.org.uk/sites/ier.org.uk/files/images/Screen%20Shot%202014-07-25%20at%2011.29.14.img_assist_custom.png"></span></a><o:p></o:p></p><h3 style='mso-margin-top-alt:3.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:17.0pt;margin-left:0cm'><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F'><a href="http://www.ier.org.uk/resources/coalition-timeline"><span style='color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'>Click here to see the Coalition Timeline</span></a><br><br></span><span style='font-size:17.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F'><o:p></o:p></span></h3><h3 style='mso-margin-top-alt:3.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='font-size:17.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F'><o:p> </o:p></span></h3><h3 style='mso-margin-top-alt:3.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='font-size:17.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F'><o:p> </o:p></span></h3><h3 style='mso-margin-top-alt:3.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='font-size:17.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F'><o:p> </o:p></span></h3><h2 style='mso-margin-top-alt:3.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0cm'><span style='font-size:17.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F'>Government acted illegally in legal aid cuts, rules High Court<o:p></o:p></span></h2><p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_138" o:spid="_x0000_s1029" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="http://www.ier.org.uk/sites/ier.org.uk/files/images/ierlogo-newssection.thumbnail.gif" href="http://www.ier.org.uk/news/government-acted-illegally-legal-aid-cuts-rules-high-court" style='position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:207pt;margin-top:-460.5pt;width:75pt;height:55.5pt;z-index:251655168;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square;mso-wrap-distance-left:9pt;mso-wrap-distance-top:0;mso-wrap-distance-right:9pt;mso-wrap-distance-bottom:0;mso-position-horizontal:absolute;mso-position-horizontal-relative:text;mso-position-vertical:absolute;mso-position-vertical-relative:text' o:button="t">
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</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><a href="http://www.ier.org.uk/news/government-acted-illegally-legal-aid-cuts-rules-high-court"><img border=0 width=100 height=74 src="cid:image025.gif@01CFE2F1.BCD19040" align=left hspace=12 alt="http://www.ier.org.uk/sites/ier.org.uk/files/images/ierlogo-newssection.thumbnail.gif" v:shapes="Picture_x0020_138"></a><![endif]><o:p></o:p></p><p style='mso-line-height-alt:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'>The high court has ruled that the government acted illegally in the consultation process carried out before the cuts. The Ministry of Justice had denied those involved in the consultation process access to reports by accountants KPMG and Otterburn. These reports were the basis for the decision of how many contracts for criminal advisory work would be available to solicitors firms.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-line-height-alt:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'><a href="http://www.ier.org.uk/news/government-acted-illegally-legal-aid-cuts-rules-high-court"><span style='color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'>Read More…</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p><h2 style='mso-margin-top-alt:3.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0cm'><span style='font-size:17.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F'>National Minimum Wage restored to 2005 level<o:p></o:p></span></h2><p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_139" o:spid="_x0000_s1030" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="http://www.ier.org.uk/sites/ier.org.uk/files/images/ierlogo-newssection.thumbnail.gif" href="http://www.ier.org.uk/news/minimum-wage-restored-2005-level" style='position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:207pt;margin-top:-460.5pt;width:75pt;height:55.5pt;z-index:251656192;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square;mso-wrap-distance-left:9pt;mso-wrap-distance-top:0;mso-wrap-distance-right:9pt;mso-wrap-distance-bottom:0;mso-position-horizontal:absolute;mso-position-horizontal-relative:text;mso-position-vertical:absolute;mso-position-vertical-relative:text' o:button="t">
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</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><a href="http://www.ier.org.uk/news/minimum-wage-restored-2005-level"><img border=0 width=100 height=74 src="cid:image025.gif@01CFE2F1.BCD19040" align=left hspace=12 alt="http://www.ier.org.uk/sites/ier.org.uk/files/images/ierlogo-newssection.thumbnail.gif" v:shapes="Picture_x0020_139"></a><![endif]><o:p></o:p></p><p style='mso-line-height-alt:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'>The National Minimum Wage has risen from £6.31 to £6.50. While in real-terms (measured against CPI inflation) this was the first rise in six years, the NMW remains 4.2% below its peak in October 2008, and is roughly equivalent to what it was in 2005. If the NMW had continued to rise at its pre-crisis rate, it would now be £8.50. Research by the Resolution Foundation has shown an increase in the NMW affects more people than it used to, with the number of workers on NMW having doubled since its introduction; in 1999 the figure stood at 600,000, whereas today it is 1.2 million.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-line-height-alt:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'><a href="http://www.ier.org.uk/news/minimum-wage-restored-2005-level"><span style='color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'>Read More…</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p><h2 style='mso-margin-top-alt:3.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0cm'><span style='font-size:17.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F'>Cameron threatens human rights<o:p></o:p></span></h2><p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_140" o:spid="_x0000_s1031" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="http://www.ier.org.uk/sites/ier.org.uk/files/images/ierlogo-newssection.thumbnail.gif" href="http://www.ier.org.uk/news/camerons-threat-human-rights" style='position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:207pt;margin-top:0;width:75pt;height:55.5pt;z-index:251657216;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square;mso-wrap-distance-left:9pt;mso-wrap-distance-top:0;mso-wrap-distance-right:9pt;mso-wrap-distance-bottom:0;mso-position-horizontal:absolute;mso-position-horizontal-relative:text;mso-position-vertical:absolute;mso-position-vertical-relative:text' o:button="t">
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</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><a href="http://www.ier.org.uk/news/camerons-threat-human-rights"><img border=0 width=100 height=74 src="cid:image025.gif@01CFE2F1.BCD19040" align=left hspace=12 alt="http://www.ier.org.uk/sites/ier.org.uk/files/images/ierlogo-newssection.thumbnail.gif" v:shapes="Picture_x0020_140"></a><![endif]><o:p></o:p></p><p style='mso-line-height-alt:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'>As expected, David Cameron pledged to scrap the Human Rights Act in his speech to Conservative party conference. On human rights he said, “Let me put this very clearly: we do not require instruction on this from judges in Strasbourg. So at long last, with a Conservative government after the next election, this country will have a new British Bill of Rights, to be passed in our parliament, rooted in our values. And as for Labour’s Human Rights Act? We will scrap it, once and for all.”. <b>Watch this space, as an in-depth report detailing the implications of withdrawing from the European Convention of Human Rights is soon to be released by the IER.</b><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-line-height-alt:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'><a href="http://www.ier.org.uk/news/camerons-threat-human-rights"><span style='color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'>Read More…</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p><h2 style='mso-margin-top-alt:3.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0cm'><span style='font-size:17.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F'><o:p> </o:p></span></h2><h2 style='mso-margin-top-alt:3.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0cm'><span style='font-size:17.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F'>Equality and Human Right Commission calls for evidence on religion or belief issues<o:p></o:p></span></h2><p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_194" o:spid="_x0000_s1034" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="http://www.ier.org.uk/sites/ier.org.uk/files/images/Screen%20Shot%202014-09-26%20at%2016.37.59_0.thumbnail.png" href="http://www.equalityhumanrights.com/about-us/our-work/key-projects/religion-or-belief-tell-us-about-your-experiences" style='position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:197.25pt;margin-top:0;width:93.75pt;height:33.75pt;z-index:251660288;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square;mso-wrap-distance-left:9pt;mso-wrap-distance-top:0;mso-wrap-distance-right:9pt;mso-wrap-distance-bottom:0;mso-position-horizontal:absolute;mso-position-horizontal-relative:text;mso-position-vertical:absolute;mso-position-vertical-relative:text' o:button="t">
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</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><a href="http://www.equalityhumanrights.com/about-us/our-work/key-projects/religion-or-belief-tell-us-about-your-experiences"><img border=0 width=125 height=45 src="cid:image010.png@01CFE314.CF7C13A0" align=left hspace=12 alt="http://www.ier.org.uk/sites/ier.org.uk/files/images/Screen%20Shot%202014-09-26%20at%2016.37.59_0.thumbnail.png" v:shapes="Picture_x0020_194"></a><![endif]><o:p></o:p></p><p style='mso-line-height-alt:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'>The Equality and Human Rights Commission has launched a major call for evidence from individuals and organisations about how their religion or belief, or that of other people, may have affected their experiences in the workplace and in using the services and facilities they need in everyday life. The Commission wants to gather as much information as possible from members of the public, employers, providers of services, legal advisors and religion or belief organisations. So if you have a relevant experience to share, you are urged to respond. To do this, or to find out more, go to the Commission’s website at:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-line-height-alt:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'><a href="http://www.equalityhumanrights.com/about-us/our-work/key-projects/religion-or-belief-tell-us-about-your-experiences"><span style='color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'>www.equalityhumanrights.com/religion</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p><h2 style='mso-margin-top-alt:3.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0cm'><span style='font-size:17.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F'><o:p> </o:p></span></h2><h2 style='mso-margin-top-alt:3.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0cm'><span style='font-size:17.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F'><o:p> </o:p></span></h2><h2 style='mso-margin-top-alt:3.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0cm'><span style='font-size:17.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F'>Help us to celebrate 25 years of the Institute<o:p></o:p></span></h2><p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><img border=0 width=200 height=133 id="_x0000_i1028" src="cid:image028.png@01CFE2F1.BCD19040" alt="http://www.ier.org.uk/sites/ier.org.uk/files/images/25th%20Anniversary.img_assist_custom.png"><o:p></o:p></p><p align=center style='text-align:center;mso-line-height-alt:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#413839'>Donations are coming in daily to mark the 25th Anniversary of the Institute. If you make a donation, don’t forget to send us a supporting statement about why you support the institute. So, whether you’re an individual or a branch, whether it’s £25 or £250 <a href="http://www.ier.org.uk/node/%E2%80%9Chttp:/www.ier.org.uk/about-us/help-us-celebrate-25-years-institute%22"><span style='color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'>join in</span></a>and you’ll be included in out monthly draw to win a free place at an IER event!<br>The latest draw winners are:<br><b>Mandy Berger, UNISON</b><br><b>David Hope, GMB</b><br><b>Fred Brown, NASUWT/BELFAST</b><o:p></o:p></span></p><h3 align=center style='mso-margin-top-alt:3.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'><span style='font-size:17.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F'><o:p> </o:p></span></h3><h3 align=center style='mso-margin-top-alt:3.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'><span style='font-size:17.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F'><o:p> </o:p></span></h3><h3 align=center style='mso-margin-top-alt:3.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'><span style='font-size:17.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F'><o:p> </o:p></span></h3><h3 align=center style='mso-margin-top-alt:3.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'><span style='font-size:17.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F'><o:p> </o:p></span></h3><h3 style='mso-margin-top-alt:3.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='font-size:17.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F'><o:p> </o:p></span></h3><h3 align=center style='mso-margin-top-alt:3.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'><span style='font-size:17.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F'><o:p> </o:p></span></h3><h3 align=center style='mso-margin-top-alt:3.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'><a href="http://www2.le.ac.uk/departments/law/distance-learning-llm/distance-learning-llm-employment-law?utm_source=IER&utm_medium=banner&utm_content=Employment%20law%20LLM%20apply&utm_campaign=LAW9"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'><img border=0 width=350 height=115 id="_x0000_i1029" src="cid:image029.jpg@01CFE2F1.BCD19040" alt="http://www.ier.org.uk/sites/ier.org.uk/files/UOL_Law_120x35_0.gif"></span></a><span style='font-size:17.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F'><o:p></o:p></span></h3></td></tr><tr><td width="53%" valign=top style='width:53.12%;padding:7.5pt 7.5pt 7.5pt 7.5pt'><div style='margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:6.0pt;float:left'><p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><o:p> </o:p></p></div></td><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'></td></tr><tr><td width="46%" valign=top style='width:46.88%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal align=center style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left:0cm;text-align:center'><o:p> </o:p></p></td><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div></div></div></div></body></html>