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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-GB link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=600 style='width:450.0pt;background:#FDFDFD;border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=600 style='width:450.0pt;background:white;border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td style='border:none;border-bottom:solid #505050 4.5pt;padding:7.5pt 7.5pt 7.5pt 7.5pt'><p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><span style='color:#1F497D'><img width=185 height=260 id="_x0000_i1025" src="cid:3435A02C-87C4-449C-B417-01B34074B2F7@cable.virginmedia.net"></span><o:p></o:p></p></td><td width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border:none;border-bottom:solid #505050 4.5pt;padding:7.5pt 7.5pt 7.5pt 7.5pt'><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0cm'><b><i><span style='font-size:25.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#632424'>Trade Unions and Economic </span></i></b><b><i><span style='font-size:25.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#561029'>Inequality</span></i></b><b><i><span style='font-size:25.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#632424'>: </span></i></b><span style='font-size:24.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0cm'><i><span style='font-size:25.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#632423'>A new publication from IER and CLASS</span></i><b><span style='font-size:24.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#632423'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p></td></tr></table></div></td></tr><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><o:p> </o:p></p><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=600 style='width:450.0pt;border-collapse:collapse;z-index:0'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:7.5pt 7.5pt 7.5pt 7.5pt'><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0cm;min-height: 18px'><span style='font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Dear IER Supporter,</span><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>With executive pay now at up to 144 times that of average employees, the issue of economic equality is more relevant than ever. In their new book </span></b><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><a href="http://www.ier.org.uk/publications/trade-unions-and-economic-inequality">Trade Unions and Economic Inequality</a></span><b><span style='font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> Lydia Hayes and Tonia Novitz underline the crucial role of trade unions in creating a more equal society.</span></b><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p style='line-height:15.75pt;background:white;z-index:auto'><span style='font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#505050'>The authors begin by recoding the consistent popularity of trade unions. And yet, despite this popularity, trade union membership has declined and the number of workers who currently have their terms and conditions of work negotiated by a trade union has fallen dramatically.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='line-height:15.75pt;background:white;z-index:auto'><span style='font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#505050'>According to the authors, this decline has been shaped by trade union laws which inhibit trade union recruitment, activity and collective bargaining. Attacks on trade union activities by politicians and misrepresentation in the media has fuelled the decline.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='line-height:15.75pt;background:white;z-index:auto'><span style='font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#505050'>The result has been a dramatic increase in levels of economic inequality, reflected in the fact that income differences between top earners and those on the lowest wages are now higher than at any time since records began.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='line-height:15.75pt;background:white;z-index:auto'><span style='font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#505050'>According to the report, as reflected in many of the statistics and graphs provided, there is an historic link between strong trade unionism and more equal societies. Without trade unions, the realities of working life mean that individual workers are under pressure to simply accept the pay and conditions that an employer presents to them.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='line-height:15.75pt;background:white;z-index:auto'><span style='font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#505050'>In an effort to re-boost the role of trade unions in society, the authors conclude with a 6 point policy programme aimed at ensuring that trade unions are once again at the heart of economic, social and industrial policy in the UK.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='background:white;z-index:0'><i><span style='font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#561029'>“Writing in clear and accessible terms, Hayes and Novitz explain the central role of trade unions in closing the inequality gap, and in particular the need to rebuild collective bargaining arrangements that will give trade unions an opportunity to speak more loudly on behalf of the dispossessed” - <b>John Hendy QC and Professor Keith Ewing </b></span></i><o:p></o:p></p><p style='line-height:15.75pt;background:white;z-index:0'><span style='font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#505050'><a href="http://www.ier.org.uk/publications/trade-unions-and-economic-inequality"><span style='background:#FDFDFD'>Trade unions and economic inequality is available to read and purchase here</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><blockquote style='margin-left:30.0pt;margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><blockquote style='margin-left:30.0pt;margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><blockquote style='margin-left:30.0pt;margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><blockquote style='margin-left:30.0pt;margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><blockquote style='margin-left:30.0pt;margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><blockquote style='margin-left:30.0pt;margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><blockquote style='margin-left:30.0pt;margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;z-index:auto'> <o:p></o:p></p></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote></td></tr></table></div><p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><o:p></o:p></p></td></tr><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=600 style='width:450.0pt;background:#FAFAFA;border-collapse:collapse;z-index:auto'><tr><td valign=top style='border:none;border-top:solid #909090 2.25pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td colspan=2 style='background:white;padding:7.5pt 7.5pt 7.5pt 7.5pt'><div><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:15.0pt'><span style='font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#707070'> <a href="http://Twitter+Account+not+yet+Authorized" target="_blank"><span style='color:#336699'>follow on Twitter</span></a> | <a href="#13cd95d4fa399bcb_"><span style='color:#336699'>friend on Facebook</span></a> | <a href="http://us5.forward-to-friend.com/forward?u=bfce15d9bb37b64de42086ad2&id=65c8330066&e=f3c546ffe5" target="_blank"><span style='color:#336699'>forward to a friend</span></a> </span><o:p></o:p></p></div></td></tr><tr><td width=350 valign=top style='width:262.5pt;padding:7.5pt 7.5pt 7.5pt 7.5pt'><div><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:15.0pt'><em><span style='font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#707070'>Copyright © 2013 IER, All rights reserved.</span></em><span style='font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#707070'> <br>You are receiving this email because you signed up to our mailing list on our website or at one of our events. <br><strong><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Our mailing address is:</span></strong></span><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:15.0pt'><span style='font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#707070'>IER</span><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:15.0pt'><span style='font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#707070'>4th Floor</span><o:p></o:p></p></div></div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:15.0pt'><span style='font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#707070'>Jack Jones House, 1 Islington</span><o:p></o:p></p></div></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:15.0pt'><span style='font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#707070'>Liverpool, Eng L3 8EG</span><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:15.0pt'><span style='font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#707070'>United Kingdom</span><o:p></o:p></p></div></div></div></div></td><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div></body></html>